The industry chaos to be solved
Little brother no longer gives up his life and runs
Since August, many new policies have been issued frequently in the logistics and express industry, which will bring new opportunities and challenges to the development of the industry, and will also greatly affect millions of 'express boys', which will force the employees to improve their overall quality, and better protect their personal rights and interests.
With the rapid development of Internet-based platform economy, the number of 'express delivery brother' and 'distribution brother' is becoming increasingly large. Roughly, the total number of riders of all kinds has exceeded ten million. Under the fierce competition, 'punctuality must reach' has become an important assessment factor, and the 'delivery brother' is generally used in the scene of 'desperate rush' on the road. At the same time, various road traffic accidents involving express delivery and take-out industries are high. There are data showing that the overall signing rate of labor contract of express delivery staff is less than 80%, many of which are in the gray area of labor service.
Since August, there have been many new policies such as establishing 'blacklist' of logistics industry, carrying out professional skills training for express delivery practitioners on a large scale, guiding more platform practitioners to participate in insurance and carrying out pilot occupational injury insurance. In the opinion of experts, these policies will better protect their personal rights and interests while improving the overall quality of employees. At the same time, it is also conducive to create a good market environment, adapt to the needs of industrial transformation and upgrading, and help the industry develop with higher quality.
'Delivery brother' suffered from the pain of rights and interests
With the rapid development of various Internet platforms, 'express brother' and 'delivery brother' have become a large group.
After that, the 2018 take away riders group insight report released by hummingbird distribution shows that hummingbird distribution alone has more than 3 million registered riders nationwide. The employment report of new urban youth: 2018 takeaway riders issued by the American League Research Institute of the United States Group takeaway shows that in 2018, the number of single riders in the takeout of the United States Group reached 2.7 million. If EMS, Shunfeng, Shentong, Zhongtong and other traditional express companies are added, the total number of riders may exceed ten million.
Under the fierce competition of each platform, the distribution efficiency becomes an important assessment factor, which leads to frequent traffic accidents. On the open website of Chinese judicial documents, the search is carried out with the keyword 'Rider'. There are at least 473 traffic accidents, 167 labor contract disputes, 137 insurance contract disputes, more than 380 personal injury compensation and more than 210 disability compensation.
According to the data of Shanghai traffic police general team, 325 road traffic accidents involving express delivery and take-out industries occurred in Shanghai in the first half of 2019, causing 5 deaths and 324 injuries. Among them, 111 cases occurred in the company after hunger, accounting for 34.2%; 109 cases occurred in meituan company, accounting for 33.5%; box horse company 29, accounting for 8.9%; Shunfeng express company 11, accounting for 3.4%.
Pan Helin, a postdoctoral student of Applied Economics and senior researcher of Pangu think tank of China Academy of Finance and Sciences, told reporters that unlike traditional express industry, some of the same city distribution such as catering takeout will take 'on time delivery' as a competitive index of the company. The distribution platform will focus on a very short time. The platform has made a very strict test on the distribution brother Nuclear standards. From the perspective of the small brother, the basic is to adopt piecemeal wage system, and the price of each single is very low, so it is necessary to 'run for life' to get relatively high remuneration.
It is worth noting that only the employees of direct express delivery companies such as Shunfeng and Debang have a complete endowment insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance, maternity insurance and housing provident fund insurance; in some participating express companies, some employees have 'five risks' and 'one gold'; while most employees who work in the form of zero work purchase 3 yuan of industrial injury insurance every day, without any Other guarantees, even without a formal labor contract, have been signed.
According to the survey report from the central Ministry of Youth Rights and interests of the Communist Youth League and the Party committee of the State Post Bureau, the overall signing rate of labor contract for express delivery staff is only 78.7%. Under the mode of franchise operation, outlets as contractors should bear their own profits and losses. In order to save costs and avoid risks, most outlets do not sign labor contracts with express delivery personnel to facilitate dismissal at any time; the take-out platform only reaches labor dispatch and output agreement with third-party human resources companies.
Mr. Pan pointed out that the biggest cost source of express delivery platform is labor cost, which is labor intensive industry. Once social security is paid, the total cost of wages will rise. Therefore, in this industry, express outlets are not directly operated by express companies, and express delivery staff are often in the gray area of labor services. Express delivery staff mostly come from the countryside, without the skills, and have no competitiveness in the labor market. Express delivery staff and express outlets are usually only oral labor cooperation relations, the liquidity of express delivery staff is also very large, the awareness of social security payment is also relatively weak.
Sun Chuanwang, an associate professor of Xiamen University School of economics, pointed out to reporters that there are obvious structural characteristics of 'tide' employment in the field of talent demand in China's express industry. On the one hand, during the Spring Festival holiday or the period of Internet e-commerce concentrated promotion, there are often gaps in employees. On the other hand, due to the low employment threshold and lack of uniform standards, it is easy to cause express delivery industry The quality of the staff is not all the same. The large amount of homogenization demand of enterprise subject driven by profit will often lead to the emergence of 'bad currency expelling good currency' in labor market, which leads to the damage to the legitimate rights and interests of 'express brother' and also occurs constantly.
The new deal in the industry forces compliance management
The above non-compliance scenario may be changed. Since August, many new policies have been issued frequently in the logistics and express industry, which will bring new opportunities and challenges to the development of the industry, and will also greatly affect millions of 'express boys', which will force the employees to improve their overall quality, and better protect their personal rights and interests.
Among them, the people who are speeding or traffic accidents are listed in the 'blacklist'. On August 1, the national development and Reform Commission issued the implementation opinions on the management of the list of the Joint Disciplinary objects for dishonesty in the transportation logistics industry (Draft for comments) (hereinafter referred to as the opinions).
The opinion points out that the management system of the list of the Joint Disciplinary objects for dishonesty ('blacklist') will be established and perfected in accordance with the law. Among them, the driving speed of the motor vehicle exceeds 20% of the specified speed in one year, or the driving speed of the motor vehicle exceeds the specified speed of 50% in one year, and the driver who has more than 2 accidents in six months, and the professional transportation unit that has the sole or vehicle driver fully or mainly responsible for the accident, all of which are responsible for the accident The blacklist will be included in the prescribed procedure.
In terms of improving the quality of express delivery practitioners, on August 6, the State Post Bureau and the Ministry of human resources and social affairs jointly issued the notice on strengthening professional skills training for express delivery practitioners. The notice stressed that the professional skills training for express delivery practitioners should be carried out on a large scale, and the construction of a large army of knowledge-based, skilled and innovative workers should be accelerated. The notice proposes that the promulgation and revision of national professional standards for express delivery industry such as express delivery personnel and express handling personnel shall be accelerated, and special professional ability assessment shall be explored.
In terms of protecting the interests of employees in the platform economy, the guiding opinions on promoting the healthy development of platform economy issued by the general office of the State Council on August 8 are clear, and the legitimate rights and interests of platform economic participants are effectively protected and the legal protection of platform economic development is strengthened. We will study and improve the social security policies of employees such as platform enterprises' employment and flexible employment, and carry out pilot work injury insurance. We will actively promote the plan of national participation and guide more platform practitioners to participate in the insurance.
Panhelin believes that, under the promotion of relevant policies, the compliance management of employees will be greatly improved, such as 'desperate rush' of express delivery personnel, etc. will be listed in the 'blacklist' and more platform personnel will be led to participate in the insurance, so as to curb the brutal growth of the industry at the policy level, and force the whole industry to achieve standardization and legalization in the management of employees. 'This is more demanding and stricter for the industry practitioners, but the personal interests will also be effectively guaranteed, which will be conducive to the healthy and benign development of the whole industry.'
In addition, sunchuanwang pointed out that under the background of rapid development of digital economy, the express industry will also face the upgrading and transformation of information technology. The business of accurate sorting, intelligent delivery and security inspection and identification needs to speed up the establishment of professional qualification and skill level standards for express delivery personnel. To develop professional skills training for express delivery practitioners on a large scale and improve the quality of express delivery skilled personnel team is conducive to creating a good market environment, improving the working efficiency and labor remuneration of practitioners, and also adapting to the needs of industrial transformation and upgrading.
Strengthen the protection of rights and interests and improve the supervision and regulation
In the industry, in the logistics and express industry high-quality development trend, the quality, ability and rights and interests of employees should be more attention. The relevant government departments should improve the regulation on a higher level.
Some industry insiders pointed out that under the fierce competition environment of big price war and vicious price killing between platforms, it may not be realistic to ask the distribution platform to give up 'on time and be able to reach' in a short time. Song Xiangqing, vice president of China Society of business and economics, said that behind the 'desperate rush' of the takeaway brother, it is the fact that most of the positions adopt single piece of salary. Only by changing the way of working treatment and salary calculation of the takeaway brother, they are included in the social security system so that they can not be 'desperate for a single'.
Goyanxia, a researcher at the Institute of social development strategy, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, suggests that the platform can provide a certain proportion of social security subsidies for riders without reducing the current payment. Then, the rider himself will purchase the commercial insurance he needs. Or by a number of powerful platforms for riders to pay social security. But in the implementation, it needs the legal enforcement to guarantee. 'At present, riders are very mobile, which will affect the platform to pay social security for them to some extent. In addition, the riders on the platform are in a situation where supply is greater than demand, and lack of enthusiasm to improve the social security welfare of riders. '
Experts pointed out that relevant government departments should improve the regulation and regulations on a higher level. On the one hand, we should strengthen the training and guidance of the awareness of the traffic regulations of the distribution personnel, and on the other hand, strengthen the supervision and punishment of the distribution platform.
However, Mr. Pan also said that improving the quality of employees and protecting the interests of employees can not be achieved overnight. It is necessary to comply with the reality of express industry employment, so as to avoid unemployment or damage of interests of employees. For example, the State Office explicitly proposed that the research and improvement of social security policies for employees such as platform enterprises' employment and flexible employment is a pragmatic policy orientation.
Original author: banjuanjuan note: This paper is reproduced in the modern logistics report